Search results for "Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Vitamin C blocks inflammatory platelet-activating factor mimetics created by cigarette smoking.
1997
Cigarette smoking within minutes induces leukocyte adhesion to the vascular wall and formation of intravascular leukocyte-platelet aggregates. We find this is inhibited by platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonists, and correlates with the accumulation of PAF-like mediators in the blood of cigarette smoke-exposed hamsters. These mediators were PAF-like lipids, formed by nonenzymatic oxidative modification of existing phospholipids, that were distinct from biosynthetic PAF. These PAF-like lipids induced isolated human monocytes and platelets to aggregate, which greatly increased their secretion of IL-8 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha. Both events were blocked by a PAF r…
Chemokines enhance immunity by guiding naive CD8+ T cells to sites of CD4+ T cell-dendritic cell interaction.
2005
CD8+ T cells have a crucial role in resistance to pathogens and can kill malignant cells; however, some critical functions of these lymphocytes depend on helper activity provided by a distinct population of CD4+ T cells. Cooperation between these lymphocyte subsets involves recognition of antigens co-presented by the same dendritic cell, but the frequencies of such antigen-bearing cells early in an infection and of the relevant naive T cells are both low. This suggests that an active mechanism facilitates the necessary cell-cell associations. Here we demonstrate that after immunization but before antigen recognition, naive CD8+ T cells in immunogen-draining lymph nodes upregulate the chemok…
CXCR2 blockade impairs angiotensin II-induced CC chemokine synthesis and mononuclear leukocyte infiltration.
2007
Objective—Angiotensin II (Ang-II) and mononuclear leukocytes are involved in atherosclerosis. This study reports the inhibition of Ang-II–induced mononuclear cell recruitment by CXCR2 antagonism and the mechanisms involved.Methods and Results—Ang-II (1 nmol/L, i.p. in rats) induced CXC and CC chemokines, followed by neutrophil and mononuclear cell recruitment. Administration of the CXCR2 antagonist, SB-517785-M, inhibited the infiltration of both neutrophils (98%) and mononuclear cells (60%). SB-517785-M had no effect on the increase in CXC chemokine levels but reduced MCP-1, RANTES, and MIP-1α release by 66%, 63%, and 80%, respectively. Intravital microscopy showed that pretreatment with S…
Macrophage inflammatory protein-1.
2003
Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha was identified 15 years ago as the first of now four members of the MIP-1 CC chemokine subfamily. These proteins termed CCL3 (MIP-1alpha), CCL4 (MIP-1beta), CCL9/10 (MIP-1delta), and CCL15 (MIP-1gamma) according to the revised nomenclature for chemokines are produced by many cells, particularly macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. MIP-1 proteins, which act via G-protein-coupled cell surface receptors (CCR1, 3, 5), e.g. expressed by lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages (MPhi), are best known for their chemotactic and proinflammatory effects but can also promote homoeostasis. The encouraging results of preclinical studies in murine model…